Gene flow occurs by migration, mating or movement of reproductive cells– egg or sperm between two populations. Examples of genetic drift are natural calamities or epidemics/pandemics. Whereas, genetic drift refers to the random fluctuation in allelic frequency in the population. For example, human migration between two continents or traveling between two countries. Gene flow refers to the transfer of genetic material between two populations. Differences between Gene flow vs Genetic Drift: The process of evolution is driven by natural selection, genetic drift and gene flow. Examples of genetic drift are natural calamities, disease outbreaks, etc. Notably, genetic drift shows a significant effect on smaller populations. This random error produces undesirable outcomes as a decrease or increase in certain alleles. So genetic drift refers to an alteration in allelic frequency by chance or random events. And the allelic frequency means the number of alleles in the population in percentage. An allele refers to the alternative forms of a gene. Genetic drift is an entirely different phenomenon in which allele frequency changes. Related article: What is Genotype?- Definition, Frequency and Methods. Gene flow also helps to spread advantageous alleles in the population by introducing new genotypes. However, over the period, gene flow can make populations genetically similar. Gene flow produces new genetic traits in the new population and produces genetic diversity. Common ways gene occurs are migration, translocation, mating between two different populations and exchange of gametes.įor example, the great human migration between two continents, the transfer of pollen by animals, and winds of water to other locations and interbreeding between the animal species of two different regions. Gene flow is an exchange of genetic material between two populations. Differences between Gene flow vs Genetic Drift:.Most importantly, we will discuss the differences between genetic drift and gene flow in a simple and understandable way. ![]() In this article, I will explain to you the concept of gene flow and genetic drift. However, both have many differences and their own advantages and side effects for the population. It creates diversity in any population, however, in large populations, it is less noticeable than in small populations.Īmong these forces, gene flow and genetic drift are significantly important evolution factors. Important article: What is a Gene?- Definition, Structure and Function.Įvolution has a direct impact on the population’s genetic composition and thereby overall fitness of the population. Have you ever wondered how evolution occurs? How do living things change over time and get new traits? Which forces work upon evolution? As per population genetics, important forces causing evolution are natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow and mutations. Discover some of the amazing differences between gene flow vs genetic drift in this article.” ![]() and Canada had a small number of founders.“Learn about the impact of two important evolutionary forces on the population. An example is described in the Figure below.įounder Effect in the Amish Population. By chance, allele frequencies of the founders may be different from allele frequencies of the population they left. Founder effect occurs when a few individuals start, or found, a new population.By chance, allele frequencies of the survivors may be different from those of the original population. This might happen because of a natural disaster such as a forest fire. Bottleneck effect occurs when a population suddenly gets much smaller.They are called bottleneck effect and founder effect. ![]() There are two special conditions under which genetic drift occurs. In this way, allele frequencies may drift over time. In a small population, you may also, by chance, get different allele frequencies than expected in the next generation. If you toss a coin just a few times, you may, by chance, get more or less than the expected 50 percent heads or tails. When a small number of parents produce just a few offspring, allele frequencies in the offspring may differ, by chance, from allele frequencies in the parents. Genetic drift is a random change in allele frequencies that occurs in a small population.
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